Watching the Victoria’s Secret Fashion Show, We have the backstage scoop on the Angels’ hair and makeup

Makeup artist Tom Pecheux gave Victoria’s Secret models such as Miranda Kerr and Doutzen Kroes a look that featured sultry brown eyes, glossy, barely-tinted lips and earthy cheeks. And given just how much skin is on display, the Angels’ bodies were given a sun kissed glow with help from the brand’s Beach Sexy line of bronzers and self-tanners.

The sexiest show on earth, the Victoria’s Secret Fashion Show, will be televised tonight and although many will be tuning in to see the elaborate costumes, fancy lingerie and performances from Rihanna and Justin Bieber, we can’t forget about the beauty. After all, while a million-dollar bra is hard to come by, anyone can try their hand at the hair and makeup done on the Victoria’s Secret Angels. Even better, we have the complete low-down on how to achieve both.

Hair guru Orlando Pita is no stranger to celebrity tresses and brought the va-va-voom to Angels’ hair for the runway show. Pita created effortlessly tousled waves to complement the models’ beach-ready bodies with Victoria’s Secret So Sexy hair products. Pita even managed to give model Karlie Kloss bouncy natural-looking extensions despite having recently cut her hair into a short bob.

And if you look really closely while watching the Victoria’s Secret Fashion Show tonight, you will see that the Angels’ nails are painted in a soft pink shade. This new line of VS Nail Lacquers will be launching in January 2013 and include shades such as “Bitten” and “Peep Show,” which is a glittery metallic pink.

Design philosophies are fundamental guiding principles that dictate how a designer approaches his/her practice. Reflections on material culture and environmental concerns (Sustainable design) can guide a design philosophy. One example is the First Things First manifesto which was launched within the graphic design community and states "We propose a reversal of priorities in favor of more useful, lasting and democratic forms of communication – a mindshift away from product marketing and toward the exploration and production of a new kind of meaning. The scope of debate is shrinking; it must expand. Consumerism is running uncontested; it must be challenged by other perspectives expressed, in part, through the visual languages and resources of design."

However, his looks proved to be an asset in his personal and political relationships, as his law partner William Herndon wrote, "He was not a pretty man by any means, nor was he an ugly one; he was a homely man, careless of his looks, plain-looking and plain-acting. He had no pomp, display, or dignity, so-called. He appeared simple in his carriage and bearing. He was a sad-looking man; his melancholy dripped from him as he walked.

Introducing Mariah Carey by OPI: See all 8 nail polish colours from the very glittery collection

The collection’s eight colours range from pale-pink to an almost-black with red flecks of sparkle—perhaps each an ode to the diva’s singing range? There are four shades that use OPI’s newest nail polish innovation, Liquid Sand. The new nail polish technology provides a textured matte finish that is infused with reflective sparkles. This is the first time OPI has debuted its Liquid Sand nail polish and Suzi Weiss-Fischmann, OPI executive VP and artistic director, said the polish is “worthy of a superstar” in a press release.

Mariah Carey was the star of a movie titled Glitter for a reason. So when it was announced that she would be partnering with OPI and releasing a collection of nail polishes in January 2013, we expected a whole lot of glitz with a dash of glamour. And guess what, we were right.

 

While we’re all over the glitter and shine of the Mariah Carey by OPI collection, we’re sad that our favourite songs didn’t make the cut when it came to naming each nail polish. We were hoping for a nod or two at Mariah’s past hits (and our favourites!) like “Heartbreaker” and “Honey,” but instead more obscure songs seem to have made the cut—such as the bold blue Liquid Sand polish dubbed “Get Your Number.” There is one small throwback to 1997, though, with a Champagne-pink polish called “A Butterfly Moment.”

We’re particularly intrigued by the concept of Liquid Sand and can’t wait to give these textured matte polishes a whirl once they hit stores in January 2013. What more can we say? The Mariah Carey by OPI nail polish collection is certainly a line of colours that we’ll keep on coming back to incessantly.

Fashion magazines began to include photographs of various fashion designs and became even more influential on people than in the past. In cities throughout the world these magazines were greatly sought-after and had a profound effect on public clothing taste. Talented illustrators drew exquisite fashion plates for the publications which covered the most recent developments in fashion andbeauty. Perhaps the most famous of these magazines was La Gazette du Bon Ton which was founded in 1912 by Lucien Vogel and regularly published until 1925 (with the exception of the war years).

 The earliest Western theory of beauty can be found in the works of early Greek philosophers from the pre-Socratic period, such as Pythagoras. The Pythagorean school saw a strong connection between mathematics and beauty. In particular, they noted that objects proportioned according to the golden ratio seemed more attractive.

Introducing Pierre Hardy for Nars: See all 14 shoe-inspired nail polishes and blushes

Makeup collectors, get ready: Next month the Pierre Hardy for Nars collection is hitting counters and it’s sure to inspire a need-it-all hoarding frenzy. Inspired by Pierre Hardy’s shoes for summer 2013, the 14-piece makeup collection includes six nail polish duo sets and two brightly-coloured blushes. And as if you needed further incentive to purchase, the nail polishes come packaged in adorable, miniature dust bags and Pierre Hardy shoeboxes. The blushes, on the other hand, make use of Hardy’s signature cube print. “Rotonde” is a tiger lilly-orange blush while “Boys Don’t Cry” is a poppy pink grapefruit shade—and both are accented with a shimmering gold overlay of the geometric design.

The Pierre Hardy for Nars nail polishes also make use of shimmering and opaque contrasts. The “Easy Walking” duo includes two camel-coloured nail polishes, one a rich creme shade and the other a metallic. Other pairs are more about bold, contrasting colours, such as the orange and navy “Ethno Run” and the yellow and lavender “Sharks” set. And, for extra collect-them-all encouragement, one set will be exclusively sold online: “Venomous,” which is a gunmetal-silver and black duo. The Pierre Hardy for Nars nail polish pairs are also well suited to no-brainer nail art—most sets would do well when applied as a playful French manicure or crescent moonmanicure. The Pierre Hardy for Nars collection will be available in-store and online as of May 1, 2013. Nail polish pairs will retail for $32 and the blush palettes are $48 each.

The boundaries between art and design are blurred, largely due to a range of applications both for the term 'art' and the term 'design'. Applied arts has been used as an umbrella term to define fields of industrial design, graphic design, fashion design, etc. The term 'decorative arts' is a traditional term used in historical discourses to describe craft objects, and also sits within the umbrella of Applied arts. In graphic arts (2D image making that ranges from photography to illustration) the distinction is often made between fine art and commercial art, based on the context within which the work is produced and how it is traded.

This is not to say that production never involves problem-solving or creativity, nor that design always involves creativity. Designs are rarely perfect and are sometimes repetitive. The imperfection of a design may task a production position (e.g. production artist, construction worker) with utilizing creativity or problem-solving skills to compensate for what was overlooked in the design process. Likewise, a design may be a simple repetition (copy) of a known preexisting solution, requiring minimal, if any, creativity or problem-solving skills from the designer.

Kelly Osbourne’s $250,000 manicure has inspired an entire range of Black Diamond nail polish colours

When Kelly Osbourne wore a sample of Azature’s $250,000 Black Diamond nail polish to the Emmy Awards last fall, reaction was split between jealousy and outrage. While the manicure was stunning, she was accused by many of exaggerating the actual cost. The lone bottle of $250,000 nail polish, which contains 267 carats of black diamonds, is still on display at Selfridges in London.

With a quarter of a million dollars price tag, it’s no surprise that the sole bottle of Black Diamond nail polish has yet to be purchased. However, in an effort to bring the luxe look to the masses, Azature removed a few zeros and released a $25 version last fall. The significantly cheaper Azature Black Diamond nail polish contains one real black pave diamond and coats nails with a black, glittery shine that resembles the sparkly $250,000 diamond look.

And now more colours have been added to the Azature Black Diamond nail polish range. The initial collection includes colours such as red, black, yellow and champagne ($25 each, rorobinson.com), but creator Azature Pogosian told WWD that additional pastel colours will be launching soon. (Perhaps a pale purple to match Kelly Osbourne’s hair?) Pogosian is known for his fine jewelry pieces, so a nail polish collection may seem to be somewhat of a surprise. However, there is no doubt that the almost-never-ending hype surrounding Osbourne’s manicure inspired this new venture. Bring on the bling!

 Television coverage began in the 1950s with small fashion features. In the 1960s and 1970s, fashion segments on various entertainment shows became more frequent, and by the 1980s, dedicated fashion shows such asFashion-television started to appear. FashionTV was the pioneer in this undertaking and has since grown to become the leader in both Fashion Television and New Media Channels compared to other Fashion Magazines. Despite television and increasing internet coverage, including fashion blogs, press coverage remains the most important form of publicity in the eyes of the fashion industry.

The definition of fashion and anti-fashion is as thus. Anti-fashion is fixed and changes little overtime. Anti-fashion is different depending on which cultural or social group one is associated with or where one lives but within that group or locality the style changes little and stays constant. Fashion is the exact opposite of anti-fashion. Fashion changes very quickly and is not affiliated with one group or an area of the world but is spread out throughout the world wherever people can communicate easily with each other. 

For example, the 1953 Queen Elizabeth II’s coronation gown is an example of anti-fashion because it is traditional and does not change over any period; whereas, a gown from fashion designer Dior’s collection of 1953 is fashion because it will change every season as Dior comes up with a new gown to replace the old one. In the Dior gown the length, cut, fabric, and embroidery of the gown changes for season to season and does not stay the same. Anti-fashion is concerned with maintaining the status quo while fashion is concerned with social mobility. Time is expressed in terms of continuity in anti-fashion and as change in fashion. Fashion has changing modes of adornment while anti-fashion has fixed modes of adornment. Indigenous and peasant modes of adornment are an example of anti-fashion. Change in fashion is part of the larger system and is structured to be a deliberate change in style.

Runway to Real Life: 5 easy steps to recreate Jonathan Saunders’ Miami Beach-inspired cat eye

When creating his Spring 2012 collection, Jonathan Saunders had an unlikely muse: chemically sedated Miami housewives from the ’50s. His models, clad in full skirts of Floridian pastels, sauntered down the runway with bronzed skin and flesh-toned lips. It was makeup artist Lucia Pieroni’s bold use of an oversized cat eye, however, that had beauty editors swooning.

By starting with a sunny glow, bringing some drama to the eyes, and slicking on a creamy nude lipstick, you can channel Saunders’ South Beach chic with just five products!

Since fakes are distinguishable by their inherent poorer quality, there is still a demand for luxury goods. And as only a trademark or logo can be copyrighted for clothing and accessories, many fashion brands make this one of the most visible aspects of the garment or accessory. In handbags, especially, the designer's brand may be woven into the fabric (or the lining fabric) from which the bag is made — this makes the brand an intrinsic element of the bag.

There are countless philosophies for guiding design as the design values and its accompanying aspects within modern design vary, both between different schools of thought and among practicing designers. Design philosophies are usually for determining design goals. A design goal may range from solving the least significant individual problem of the smallest element, to the mostholistic influential utopian goals. Design goals are usually for guiding design. However, conflicts over immediate and minor goals may lead to questioning the purpose of design, perhaps to set better long term or ultimate goals.

Beauty is a characteristic of a person, animal, place, object, or idea that provides a perceptual experience of pleasure or satisfaction.  Beauty is studied as part of aesthetics, sociology, social psychology, and culture. An "ideal beauty" is an entity which is admired, or possesses features widely attributed to beauty in a particular culture, for perfection.

At the beginning of the 20th century, fashion magazines began to include photographs of various fashion designs and became even more influential on people than in the past. In cities throughout the world these magazines were greatly sought-after and had a profound effect on public clothing taste. Talented illustrators drew exquisite fashion plates for the publications which covered the most recent developments in fashion.

 The fashion industry has long been one of the largest employers in the United States, and it remains so in the 21st century. However, employment declined considerably as production increasingly moved overseas, especially to China. Because data on the fashion industry typically are reported for national economies and expressed in terms of the industry’s many separate sectors, aggregate figures for world production of textiles and clothing are difficult to obtain.

Runway to Real Life: No gold leaf required for this easy take on Fendi’s Spring 2012 look!

Smart Italian women—scientists and mathematicians, to be exact—were Fendi’s Spring 2012 muses. Models appeared with bouffant, slightly disheveled faux bobs meant to remind us of eccentric scientists. (Einstein, hello!) Their eyes were slightly obscured by frameless shades resembling lab glasses. Behind the shades, the models’ eyes were gilded with gold or silver leaf, which makeup artist Peter Phillips had applied generously to create a raw texture while echoing the shape of the glasses.

By swapping out the gold or silver leaf for a more wearable product, you can adjust this look for real life. And it’s perfect for summer music festivals on bright, sunny days. Do like Fendi’s models did and top the look with your favourite sunglasses—then remove them at night to keep shining long after the sun goes down.

The fashion industry consists of four levels: the production of raw materials, principally fibers and textiles but also leather and fur; the production of fashion goods by designers, manufacturers, contractors, and others; retail sales; and various forms of advertising and promotion. These levels consist of many separate but interdependent sectors, all of which are devoted to the goal of satisfying consumer demand for apparel under conditions that enable participants in the industry to operate at a profit.

Another definition for design is a roadmap or a strategic approach for someone to achieve a unique expectation. It defines the specifications, plans, parameters, costs, activities, processes and how and what to do within legal, political, social, environmental, safety and economic constraints in achieving that objective.

The pace of change accelerated considerably in the following century, and women and men's fashion, especially in the dressing and adorning of the hair, became equally complex and changing. Art historians are therefore able to use fashion in dating images with increasing confidence and precision, often within five years in the case of 15th century images. Initially changes in fashion led to a fragmentation of what had previously been very similar styles of dressing across the upper classes of Europe, and the development of distinctive national styles. These remained very different until a counter-movement in the 17th to 18th centuries imposed similar styles once again, mostly originating from Ancien Régime France. Though the rich usually led fashion, the increasing affluence of early modern Europe led to the bourgeoisie and even peasants following trends at a distance sometimes uncomfortably close for the elites—a factor Braudel regards as one of the main motors of changing fashion.

Matthew Morrison Sounds Off on Boy Bands, Adam Levine, and His New Broadway-Themed Album

Matthew Morrison looks like the quintessential band boy—6-foot-tall build, Jersey Shore-ready abs, twinkly blue eyes, a chiseled chin, a dimpled grin, and a very Justin Timberlake-esque mop of thick curls. But after we chatted with the Glee actor and Broadway star (who actually admitted that he was in six bands), we learned that he's more than a prettier-than-average triple threat. In fact, if he could do anything besides sing, dance, and act, he would be a midwife (but more on that later). When his new album, Where It All Began, debuts on June 4, Mr. Schue admirers will see a more sophisticated side of Morrison as he covers classic Broadway songs, such as "Guys and Dolls" and "Luck Be a Lady," with his own spin. To add to the mix, the album was produced by Phil Ramone (who co-founded A & R Recording) under pop-rocker Adam Levine's label, 222 Records. Come March 28, you can catch him on an informal tour to promote the album, kicking off at Boston Pops Orchestra before heading to 54 Below in NYC, the National Symphony Orchestra in Washington, D.C., and the London Symphony Orchestra. When the charming actor stopped by our offices this week, we were able to quiz him on all things Broadway, how he connected with Levine, and why he thinks Michelle Obama is the coolest person on the planet. Design is the creation of a plan or convention for the construction of an object or a system (as in architectural blueprints, engineering drawing, business process, circuit diagrams and sewing patterns). Design has different connotations in different fields (see design disciplines below). In some cases the direct construction of an object (as in pottery, engineering, management, cowboy coding andgraphic design) is also considered to be design. The Action-Centric Perspective is based on an empiricist philosophy and broadly consistent with the Agile approach and amethodical development. Substantial empirical evidence supports the veracity of this perspective in describing the actions of real designers. Like the Rational Model, the Action-Centric model sees design as informed by research and knowledge. However, research and knowledge are brought into the design process through the judgment and common sense of designers – by designers "thinking on their feet" – more than through the predictable and controlled process stipulated by the Rational Model. Though colors and patterns of textiles changed from year to year,  the cut of a gentleman's coat and the length of his waistcoat, or the pattern to which a lady's dress was cut changed more slowly. Men's fashions largely derived from military models, and changes in a European male silhouette are galvanized in theaters of European war, where gentleman officers had opportunities to make notes of foreign styles: an example is the "Steinkirk" cravator necktie.

Check out the exclusive Matthew Williamson makeup kit for Benefit Cosmetics

What do you do to celebrate a 15-year career as one of Britain’s leading fashion designers? If you’re Matthew Williamson, you collaborate with Benefit Cosmetics to create a limited edition makeup kit, that’s what! The exclusive-to-Sephora set, titled The Rich is Back, contains a selection of eyeshadows, a mascara, a cheek powder and a lip gloss. Though Williamson prefers a more natural look at his shows, the range of shades chosen for the Benefit kit allows for both a casual and daring look.

In seeking inspiration for the makeup kit, Matthew Williamson explored his print archive and chose vibrant shades reminiscent of ’70s cocktail parties and hedonistic discos. “This high-octane makeup kit encapsulates some of my favorite iconic prints and the fun-loving, light-hearted spirit of the Benefit girl,” Williamson said via press release. The designer, who is widely know for his obsession with colour, chose a bright kaleidoscope print with peacock feathers and pink flowers for the makeup kit’s packaging.

The collection is available in Sephora stores June 2013, but if you can’t wait that long—and you’re in Toronto—you’re in luck. Benefit has been promoting #TheRichIsBack onTwitter, inviting customers to come to a one day flash sale event held this Friday, May 10 between 12-7pm at the Toronto Eaton Centre Sephora. The pink carpet event promises a live DJ, body painting and a chance to pick up tips from leading Benefit makeup artists.

Initially changes in fashion led to a fragmentation of what had previously been very similar styles of dressing across the upper classes of Europe, and the development of distinctive national styles. These remained very different until a counter-movement in the 17th to 18th centuries imposed similar styles once again, mostly originating from Ancien Régime France. Though the rich usually led fashion, the increasing affluence of early modern Europe led to the bourgeoisie and even peasants following trends at a distance sometimes uncomfortably close for the elites—a factor Braudel regards as one of the main motors of changing fashion.

Classical philosophy and sculptures of men and women produced according to the Greek philosophers' tenets of ideal human beauty were rediscovered in Renaissance Europe, leading to a re-adoption of what became known as a "classical ideal". In terms of female human beauty, a woman whose appearance conforms to these tenets is still called a "classical beauty" or said to possess a "classical beauty", whilst the foundations laid by Greek and Roman artists have also supplied the standard for male beauty in western civilization.

Design philosophies are usually for determining design goals. A design goal may range from solving the least significant individual problem of the smallest element, to the mostholistic influential utopian goals. Design goals are usually for guiding design. However, conflicts over immediate and minor goals may lead to questioning the purpose of design, perhaps to set better long term or ultimate goals.

In The Sciences of the Artificial by polymath Herbert A. Simon the author asserts design to be a meta-discipline of all professions. "Engineers are not the only professional designers. Everyone designs who devises courses of action aimed at changing existing situations into preferred ones. The intellectual activity that produces material artifacts is no different fundamentally from the one that prescribes remedies for a sick patient or the one that devises a new sales plan for a company or a social welfare policy for a state. Design, so construed, is the core of all professional training; it is the principal mark that distinguishes the professions from the sciences. Schools of engineering, as well as schools of architecture, business, education, law, and medicine, are all centrally concerned with the process of design.

The Weekend To-Do: Photography with Philip Sparks, Joe Fresh street art, fancy hot chocolate and other stylish goings-on during Toronto’s Nuit Blanche

It’s here! The streets of Toronto will be taken over on Saturday night for the city’s annual all-night art party. Given just how much there is to see during the 12+ hours ofScotiabank Nuit Blanche, we’re dedicating the entire Weekend To-Do to the most stylish exhibits and goings-on—from the festival’s kick off at 7:03pm and well into sunrise. On our list? A photo exhibit at the Philip Sparks boutique, an all night-dance party and a fancy mug of hot chocolate. (With some great art and live music thrown into the mix!).

he boundaries between art and design are blurred, largely due to a range of applications both for the term 'art' and the term 'design'. Applied arts has been used as an umbrella term to define fields of industrial design, graphic design, fashion design, etc. The term 'decorative arts' is a traditional term used in historical discourses to describe craft objects, and also sits within the umbrella of Applied arts. In graphic arts (2D image making that ranges from photography to illustration) the distinction is often made between fine art and commercial art, based on the context within which the work is produced and how it is traded.

The four major current fashion capitals are acknowledged to be Paris, Milan, New York City, and London, which are all headquarters to the greatest fashion companies and are renowned for their major influence on global fashion. Fashion weeks are held in these cities, where designers exhibit their new clothing collections to audiences. A succession of major designers such as Coco Chanel and Yves Saint-Laurent have kept Paris as the center most watched by the rest of the world, although haute couture is now subsidized by the sale of ready to wear collections and perfume using the same branding.

A feature of beautiful women that has been explored by researchers is a waist–hip ratio of approximately 0.70. Physiologists have shown that women with hourglass figures are more fertile than other women due to higher levels of certain female hormones, a fact that may subconsciously condition males choosing mates.

How much money a person earns may also be influenced by physical beauty. One study found that people low in physical attractiveness earn 5 to 10 percent less than ordinary looking people, who in turn earn 3 to 8 percent less than those who are considered good looking. Discrimination against others based on their appearance is known as lookism, and the large amounts of rich jewelery around her neck.

Holt Renfrew opens World MasterCard Fashion Week in Toronto with 67 lust-worthy designer outfits already in-store

If you have ever wondered what it would be like to see a entire fashion season’s most important moments capsulized, last night’s Holt Renfrew opening showcase at World Mastercard Fashion Week last night was your dream come true. Set to a soundtrack by real-life DJ couple Brendan Fallis and Hannah Bronfman (who both donned Holt Renfrew’s “Girls” sweater designed in collaboration with Justin Broadbent), models including Amanda Laine walked in 67 looks of Fall 2012’s best internationally and Canadian-made wears.

Womens stand out styles included a printed Prada suit (similar to the one featured onFASHION’s September cover), a colour block coat from Céline and the all-whiteTom Ford cape dress originally debuted by Gyneth Paltrow at the Oscars last February. The show’s audience was equally designer-decked. Spotted in the crowd was a mix of pieces from Céline, Carven, Alexander Wang, Dries Van Noten andLanvin among many others.

In engineering, design is a component of the engineering process. Many overlapping methods and processes can be seen when comparing Product design, Industrial design and Engineering. The American Heritage Dictionary defines design as: "To conceive or fashion in the mind; invent," and "To formulate a plan", and defines engineering as: "The application of scientific and mathematical principles to practical ends such as the design, manufacture, and operation of efficient and economical structures, machines, processes, and systems.". Both are forms of problem-solving with a defined distinction being the application of "scientific and mathematical principles". The increasingly scientific focus of engineering in practice, however, has raised the importance of new more "human-centered" fields of design. How much science is applied in a design is a question of what is considered "science". Along with the question of what is considered science, there is social science versus natural science. Scientists at Xerox PARC made the distinction of design versus engineering at "moving minds" versus "moving atoms".

In recent years, Asian fashion has become increasingly significant in local and global markets. Countries such as China, Japan, India, and Pakistan have traditionally had large textile industries, which have often been drawn upon by Western designers, but now Asian clothing styles are also gaining influence based on their own ideas.

However, over the past several years, fashion websites have developed that merge traditional editorial writing with user-generated content. Online magazines like iFashion Network, and Runway Magazine, led by Nole Marin from America's Next Top Model, have begun to dominate the market with digital copies for computers, iPhones, and iPads. Example platforms include Apple and Android for such applications.

Inside Guerlain’s revamped Toronto boutique: Rare perfumes, hand-painted bottles and a bumble bee-inspired exterior

Legendary French fragrance and beauty brand Guerlain revamped its Toronto boutique just in time for the holiday season. The Bloor Street shop (which originally opened in 2003) has changed both inside and out to offer a more spacious shopping experience based on an architectural vision that came directly from Paris. Notably, the exterior façade has been completely redone, taking inspiration from the brand’s emblem, the imperial bee. The iconic bee perfume bottle—which was designed in 1853 for Guerlain’s Impériale Eau de Cologne—is also featured prominently within the store, including a selection of collector-worthy bottles which are hand-painted with gold detailing. Of course, you don’t have to be an avid connoisseur of Guerlain fragrances to appreciate the robust selection available in the Toronto boutique: sales staff are well-versed in the 184-year-old history of Guerlain’s perfume house and its accompanying products, including heritage collections, rare and unusual scents and the brand’s signature Exclusive Collections fragrance counter. The revamped Toronto boutique also includes the full range of Guerlain cosmetics—like their art deco-inspired Rouge Automatique lipstick—and all-natural line of skincare products. Even better, on-site treatment rooms allows shoppers to further indulge with Guerlain’s skincare products and makeup, making this boutique feel right at home amongst the other luxury shops of Bloor Street West.

The relationship between design and production is one of planning and executing. In theory, the plan should anticipate and compensate for potential problems in the execution process. Design involves problem-solving and creativity. In contrast, production involves a routine or pre-planned process. A design may also be a mere plan that does not include a production or engineering process, although a working knowledge of such processes is usually expected of designers. In some cases, it may be unnecessary and/or impractical to expect a designer with a broad multidisciplinary knowledge required for such designs to also have a detaileds pecialized knowledge of how to produce the product.

Standards of beauty have changed over time, based on changing cultural values. Historically, paintings show a wide range of different standards for beauty. However, humans who are relatively young, with smooth skin, well-proportioned bodies, and regular features, have traditionally been considered the most beautiful throughout history.

Anti-fashion is fixed and changes little overtime. Anti-fashion is different depending on which cultural or social group one is associated with or where one lives but within that group or locality the style changes little and stays constant. Fashion is the exact opposite of anti-fashion. Fashion changes very quickly and is not affiliated with one group or an area of the world but is spread out throughout the world wherever people can communicate easily with each other. For example, the 1953 Queen Elizabeth II’s coronation gown is an example of anti-fashion because it is traditional and does not change over any period; whereas, a gown from fashion designer Dior’s collection of 1953 is fashion because it will change every season as Dior comes up with a new gown to replace the old one. In the Dior gown the length, cut, fabric, and embroidery of the gown changes for season to season and does not stay the same. Anti-fashion is concerned with maintaining the status quo while fashion is concerned with social mobility.

An afternoon at the spa for just $50? It’s possible: WaySpa is bringing Spa Week to Toronto

If the high cost of going to the spa is keeping you from enjoying frequent afternoons of relaxation, have we got news for you. WaySpa, the online spa marketplace, is bringing Spa Week to Toronto from April 15-22, 2013. Think of Spa Week asSummerlicious for your mind, body and soul: luxury spas offer premium treatments for just $50—but for one week only.

That’s right: you can book a facial, massage, manicure, pedicure and more at some of Toronto’s top spas for only a fraction of what they usually cost. At the top of our wish list is the Luzren oxygen facial at Moksa Day Spa, the dead sea scrub body treatment at the Shizen Spas at the Cosmopolitan and Pantages Hotel and the Eminence organic blueberry soy sugar glow at Novo Spa. But there’s so many to choose from! The complete Toronto Spa Week by WaySpa treatment list is available here and we suggest booking ASAP—especially if you have your eye on more than one.

As for our readers not in Toronto, you’ll be happy to know that since its launch in 2004, Spa Week has become a popular bi-annual event across the United States. And considering that WaySpa has reach beyond the GTA (hello, Montreal!) our fingers are crossed that more Canadian cities will soon take part.

A feature of beautiful women that has been explored by researchers is a waist–hip ratio of approximately 0.70. Physiologists have shown that women with hourglass figures are more fertile than other women due to higher levels of certain female hormones, a fact that may subconsciously condition males choosing mates.

 In textile producing areas the growing of cotton and production of naturally coloured thread became obsolete. Traditional motifs on textiles are no longer considered the property of a certain social class or age group. Wives of government officials are promoting the use of traditional textiles in the form of western garments, such as skirts, vests, blouses etc. This trend is also being followed by the general populace and whoever can afford to hire a tailor is doing so to stitch traditional ikat textiles into western clothes. Thus traditional textiles are now fashion goods and no longer confined to the black, white and brown colour palette, coming in array of colours. Handbags, wallets and other accessories are also being made from traditional textiles, and traditional textiles are also being used in interior decorations. These items are considered fashionable by civil servants and their families. There is also a booming tourist trade in the Kupang city of eastern Indonesia where international as well as domestic tourists want to get their hands on traditionally printed western goods.

Milan Fashion Week Fall 2013 backstage beauty: 3 bold lip colours we love

We still have Paris to go, but it’s safe to say that so far, there has been a lot of pared down beauty this season. When makeup artists do drag the colour out, it seems a strong lip is in favour. As Milan Fashion Week Fall 2013 winds down, here are three of our favourite bold mouths from that city.

Blurry vision at Marni: Tom Pecheux layered two creamy red pigments and a rich berry lipstick on mouths, before using a Q-Tip dipping in setting powder to diffuse the outline of the lip.

Matte exercise at Bottega Veneta: According to Pat McGrath, Tomas Maier knew exactly what he wanted the beauty look to be for the Fall 2013 showing of Bottega Veneta: very matte lips. Inspired by some fabric swatches the designer sent McGrath ahead of time, burnt orange was the shade they settled on.

Classic beauty at Dolce & Gabbana: A picture of super muse Sophia Loren picture was spotted backstage at Dolce and Gabbana. For Pat McGrath, that inspiration manifested into a perfectly drawn scarlet lip that referenced the heavy helping of the shade featured throughout the collection.

Standards of beauty have changed over time, based on changing cultural values. Historically, paintings show a wide range of different standards for beauty. However, humans who are relatively young, with smooth skin, well-proportioned bodies, and regular features, have traditionally been considered the most beautiful throughout history.

In eastern Indonesia there has been a transformation in the production and use of the traditional textiles as the production, use and value associated to textiles changes due to modernization. In the past women produced the textiles for either consuming the textiles by themselves and their families or to trade with others. Today this has changed as most textiles are not being produced at home. Because of colonialism in the past by the Dutch, western goods are considered modern and valued more than traditional goods. Because of this western clothing is valued more than the traditional sarong. Sarongs are now used only for rituals and ceremonial occasions; whereas, western clothes are worn to church or visiting a government office.

Enticing consumers to buy clothing by establishing new trends is, some have argued, a key component of the industry's success. Intellectual property rules that interfere with the process of trend-making would, in this view, be counter-productive. On the other hand, it is often argued that the blatant theft of new ideas, unique designs, and design details by larger companies is what often contributes to the failure of many smaller or independent design companies.

Paris Fashion Week Fall 2013 backstage beauty: Our 3 favourite looks so far and FYI, ear cuffs are now a thing

1. Silver screen beauties at Dries Van Noten 

First, we saw them at Rodarte Spring 2013. Then they returned at Thakoon this season, and here they are again at Dries Van Noten. Ear jewelry! Makeup artistPeter Philips is all about appliques (he’s behind those the crystal brows at Chaneland the glued on neoprene under eyeliner seen at Fendi Spring 2013) so it didn’t surprise us that he was the one to adhere rock crystal formations on nine Dries Van Noten models’ ears. His make up was kept simple—black liner, matte skin and filled in brows—so as not to compete with the many twinkling elements in the collection. Hairstylist Paul Hanlon did marcel waves, with Old Hollywood as a reference. Think: A magical dance scene featuring Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers, aka what Channing and Charlize were trying to achieve at the Oscars.

2. Fluffy-haired anemics Rick Owens

Luigi Murenu busted out a crimping iron for his gorgeous shoot with Kate Moss in i-D’s Spring 2013 issue. The hair tool also made a cameo at Zac Posen Fall 2013 to make textured chignons, where he told us: “It makes the hair look like mohair.” The new BaByliss iron Murenu is loving right now was getting more mileage at Rick Owens, where he used it to create the ethereal, fluffed out hair that looked even more gorgeous once the runway wind machines had their way with it. Though the hair covered quite a bit of the face, makeup artist Lucia Pieroni still worked her magic, mixing ghostly pale shades of foundation to make skin look transparent. Lashes, brows and lips were camouflaged and taken down, and white pigment was applied in and around the eyes for a “goggle” effect.

3. Lee Radziwill clones at Rochas 

Maybe it’s because we just devoured the awesome T Magazine spread on Jacqueline Kennedy’s sister. But as soon as we heard makeup artist Lucia Pieroni mention Radziwill as a muse for Rochas Fall 2013, we were all over this simple look that included: tidy, filled in arches, a dab of fleshy rose lipstick on mouths, highlighter on cheekbones and light espresso shadow along both lash lines. Eugene Souleiman was on hair duty, crafting side-parted waves that were meant to look as if they hadn’t been overly groomed.

Traditionally in the Ngada area there was no idea similar to that of the Western idea of fashion. But anti-fashion in the form of traditional textiles and ways to adorn oneself were widely popular. Textiles in Indonesia have played many roles for the local people. Textiles defined a person’s rank and status and indicated being part of the ruling class. People expressed their ethnic identity and social hierarchy through textiles in Indonesia. The ikat textiles were also bartered for food by some people of Indonesia thus being considered economic goods. Textiles took on many different forms in the social custom and religion of the Indonesian people. Textiles were also a way to communicate religious messages as some motifs had spiritual religious meanings according to the local culture.

Chloé Comme Parris Fall 2013 backstage beauty: Boho braids and makeup that looks like it’s been on all night long

The models were supposed to look as if they’d started with a perfectly applied orange-red lip at the beginning of the night but kept it on till six in the morning. “Maybe she’s made out with a guy in the washroom, I don’t know!” said Lee. A mixture of Maybelline Color Sensational Vivids in “On Fire Red” and “Electric Orange” were applied with a brush and then blotted, with no defined lip line.

The hair: “We wanted something natural that looked unkempt and dishevelled. Then we wanted to add texture but we didn’t want to start doing pretty hair. Once we started adding braids it turned into this rebel boho girl who does her own thing.”Jorge Joao, Redken lead stylist.

The models were asked to come in with natural hair that wasn’t too clean. A curling iron was used to add loose, natural wave and prepped with Redken Fabricate 03 for movement and Powder Grip 03 hair powder to give a textured, gritty feel. Then the braiding began, first with a cornrow on the side that opened up into a ponytail. Strands were pulled out to make it looser and loopier. Two smaller sections on top of that were braided and left to drop on top of the cornrow, and a piece of hair from the fringe was braided and swept across to pull the hair out of the face. “It’s not only an accessory, it’s a band that’s pushing away the rest of the hair,” said Joao. The ends were made piece-y with Wax Blast 10 and the look was finished with anti-humidity Control Addict 28 spray.

The nails: 

For the “oil spill” nails, metallic Essie polishes in blues, greens and greys were marbled together and slicked with glossy topcoat. “It’s an organic, really wet, greasy finish,” said Essie lead nail artist Rita Remark. (Shade enthusiasts, look for “No Place Like Chrome,” “Trophy Wife,” “Over The Top,” “Midnight Cami” and “Sexy Divide” to duplicate this look.) The shape was kept natural and just reached the tip of the models’ natural nails.

Civil servants in the town are more likely to make this distinction between western and traditional clothes more than peasants. Upon Indonesia’s independence from the Dutch people increasingly started buying factory made shirts and sarongs. In textile producing areas the growing of cotton and production of naturally coloured thread became obsolete. Traditional motifs on textiles are no longer considered the property of a certain social class or age group. Wives of government officials are promoting the use of traditional textiles in the form of western garments, such as skirts, vests, blouses etc. This trend is also being followed by the general populace and whoever can afford to hire a tailor is doing so to stitch traditional ikat textiles into western clothes.

Lucian Matis brings ’60s banana eyeliner back (with French outline nails to match!) for Fall 2013

It may have occurred at the very end of Toronto Fashion Week, but the makeup and nails at Lucian Matis set the bar for Fall 2013 beauty trends. Of course, having some talented heavyweights on board certainly helped: Revlon global artistic directorGucci Westman and Revlon nail expert Leeanne Colley were behind the retro look.

Despite a scheduling conflict that prevented Westman from actually being backstage, she didn’t want to pass up the chance to work with Lucian Matis. Skype sessions allowed for proper collaboration with the designer and once the look was finalized, her right-hand gal, Mimi Imanishi, led the team in Toronto.

“The inspiration for this look was Lucian’s gorgeous, monochromatic colour palette while incorporating safari khaki tones to the eye. This look is also very much inspired by the ’60s, specifically, the German model, Veruschka,” Westman said, via press release.

Thick, black banana liner was what really brought the ’60s influence to life—that’s the industry term for eyeliner applied to the crease. Mimi layered Revlon PhotoReady Kajal Intense Liner and Brightener in “Carbon Cleopatra” and ColorStay Crème Gel Liner in “Black,” blending and adjusting as she went. The rest of the colours—shimmering, multi-dimensional shades of green and khaki-gold—came courtesy of the Revlon PhotoReady Primer and Shadow in “Pop Art.”

Thus traditional textiles are now fashion goods and no longer confined to the black, white and brown colour palette, coming in array of colours. Handbags, wallets and other accessories are also being made from traditional textiles, and traditional textiles are also being used in interior decorations. These items are considered fashionable by civil servants and their families. There is also a booming tourist trade in the Kupang city of eastern Indonesia where international as well as domestic tourists want to get their hands on traditionally printed western goods.

Robert Glariston, intellectual property expert at Creative Business House ( organization specializing in fashion and trademarking), mentions in a fashion seminar held in LA that "Copyright law regarding clothing is a current hot-button issue in the industry. We often have to draw the line between designers being inspired by a design and those outright stealing it in different places." To "take inspiration" from others' designs contributes to the fashion industry's ability to establish clothing trends.

 Traditionally in the Ngada area there was no idea similar to that of the Western idea of fashion. But anti-fashion in the form of traditional textiles and ways to adorn oneself were widely popular. Textiles in Indonesia have played many roles for the local people. Textiles defined a person’s rank and status and indicated being part of the ruling class.

Kate Middleton uses a tartan print to disguise the royal baby bump in Scotland

The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge are in Scotland for two days and, fun fact: while north of the English border they’re formally known as the Earl and Countess of Strathearn. (So many royal titles!) In keeping with the Scottish theme, Kate Middleton wore a new tartan print coat by the British brand Moloh, possibly purchased for its uncanny ability to hide the baby bump we’re all eager to see.

William and Kate spent the day in Glasgow, meeting with locals as well as the official mascot for the 2014 Glasgow Commonwealth Games. In the afternoon they visited a centre for homeless youth and had the chance to partake in various activities that the centre offers. Most notably, Will attempted to learn how to play DJ and mix records, a mental image we’ll spend the rest of the week delighting in.

But, back to Kate! The Duchess paired her tartan Moloh coat with black accessories, including opaque tights, her favourite Aquatalia boots and a clutch purse. Apparently the length of the coat is quite the hot topic, with newspaper headlines pointing out that it’s shorter than what we’re used to seeing on Queens-to-be. We’ll ignore the sass in favour of better royal gossip, courtesy the Mirror: Kate Middleton gets text messages from her friends with suggestions for baby names. (Let’s all take a moment to imagine being trusted with Kate’s mobile phone number…) Kate also revealed that the baby is due mid-July and she’ll stop working in June. That’s just two-and-a-half more months of royal bump watching to go!

 This was first noticed in 1883, when Francis Galton, cousin of Charles Darwin, overlaid photographic composite images of the faces of vegetarians and criminals to see if there was a typical facial appearance for each. When doing this, he noticed that the composite images were more attractive compared to any of the individual images.

The definition of fashion and anti-fashion is as thus. Anti-fashion is fixed and changes little overtime. Anti-fashion is different depending on which cultural or social group one is associated with or where one lives but within that group or locality the style changes little and stays constant. Fashion is the exact opposite of anti-fashion. Fashion changes very quickly and is not affiliated with one group or an area of the world but is spread out throughout the world wherever people can communicate easily with each other. For example, the 1953 Queen Elizabeth II’s coronation gown is an example of anti-fashion because it is traditional and does not change over any period; whereas, a gown from fashion designer Dior’s collection of 1953 is fashion because it will change every season as Dior comes up with a new gown to replace the old one.

The Duchess of Cambridge clothes her baby bump in mint Mulberry for a visit with the Queen’s Scouts

The Royal baby bump watch continues. The Duchess of Cambridge was out in a rather springy look yesterday, as she attended the National Review of Queen’s Scouts at Windsor Castle. A volunteer with the Scouts Association since January of last year, Kate’s visit was marked, as usual, by a presentation of a floral bouquet, as she and the rest of the crowd watched the annual National Scout Service and Parade which featured the Scouts Band and the Irish Guards playing kid-friendly songs like “New York” and “Star Wars.”

Chief Scout Bear Grylls (if you’ve ever seen Man vs. Wild, you’ll know he’s got the scout chops) was on hand to greet Kate and told reporters that she “is an incredible role model and she helps us show that Scouting’s not just for boys.”

Later, Kate joined the Royal Family for for a tea service marking Queen Elizabeth II’s 87th birthday at Windsor Castle. While we weren’t privy to the celebrations (shocking?), we can only imagine that it was quite a happy day.

In today’s society people in rich countries are linked to people in poor countries through the commoditisation and consumption of what can be called fashion. In one area of the globe people are working long hours to produce things that people in another part of the globe are anxious to consume. The chain of production and consumption of Nike shoes is an example of this. The Nike shoes are produced in Taiwan and consumed in North America. In the production end there is the nation building a hard working ideology that leads people to produce and entices people to consume with a vast amount of goods for the offering. Commodities are no longer just utilitarian but are fashionable, be they running shoes or sweat suits.

Since fakes are distinguishable by their inherent poorer quality, there is still a demand for luxury goods. And as only a trademark or logo can be copyrighted for clothing and accessories, many fashion brands make this one of the most visible aspects of the garment or accessory. In handbags, especially, the designer's brand may be woven into the fabric (or the lining fabric) from which the bag is made — this makes the brand an intrinsic element of the bag.

Although tailors and dressmakers were no doubt responsible for many innovations before, and the textile industry certainly led many trends, the history of fashion design is normally taken to date from 1858, when the English-born Charles Frederick Worth opened the first true haute couture house in Paris. The Haute house was the name established by government for the fashion houses that met the standards of industry.

Kate Middleton’s baby bump is dressed up in baby-blue Emilia Wickstead

Kate Middleton’s busy week continues with her third engagement in almost as many days. The Duchess of Cambridge attended a reception at the National Portrait Gallery for The Art Room, a charity that helps young people increase their self-esteem through art, of which Kate is a patron. Meaning: Kate made another speech, saying that she is a “firm believer in the power of art to make a difference.”

Style-wise, today’s outfit was certainly one of the most layer-free looks we’ve seen on the Duchess since she announced her pregnancy. Kate wore a sleeveless pale-blue dress by Emilia Wickstead, which had enough structure in its empire waist to provide some baby bump camouflage. (Question: Do you think the choice to wear pale-blue is a subliminal hint at Baby Cambridge’s sex?) Kate matched the soft colour of the dress with dove-grey suede Rupert Sanderson heels and accessorized with pale-blue drop earrings.

Today’s look also included a different approach to hair and makeup. While Kate Middleton does favour half-up hairstyles, the pulled back pieces were criss-crossed at the back for an almost-braided effect. Kate’s makeup had an added burst of colour with a pretty pink swipe of blush and it could just be the colour of her dress reflecting, but in some pictures it looks as though her eyeshadow has a blue tinge to it. How veryon-trend for spring, Kate!

Although tailors and dressmakers were no doubt responsible for many innovations before, and the textileindustry certainly led many trends, the history of fashion design is normally taken to date from 1858, when the English-born Charles Frederick Worth opened the first true haute couture house in Paris. The Haute house was the name established by government for the fashion houses that met the standards of industry. They have to adhere to standards such as: keeping at least 20 employees engaged in making the clothes, showing two collections per year at fashion shows, and presenting a certain number of patterns to costumers.

The fashion industry is a product of the modern age. Prior to the mid-19th century, most clothing was custom made. It was handmade for individuals, either as home production or on order from dressmakers and tailors. By the beginning of the 20th century—with the rise of new technologies such as the sewing machine, the rise of global capitalism and the development of the factory system of production, and the proliferation of retail outlets such as department stores—clothing had increasingly come to be mass-produced in standard sizes and sold at fixed prices.

Kate Middleton wears a polka dot Topshop dress to cast some spells on the set of Harry Potter

Reunited and it feels so good! It’s been quite a while since we’ve seen the royal trio out together but they certainly know how to pick their official engagements. This morning the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and Prince Harry officially opened Warner Bros studios in Hertfordshire, which is home to such franchise productions as Harry Potter, Batman and James Bond. Meaning the three young royals got to tour the studio and play with all the props, much to our delight.

As you can see from the picture above, they were quite into showing off their Harry Potter wand skills. (Kate Middleton has reportedly read all the Harry Potter books and seen all the movies.) William, on the other hand, was especially into all the Dark Knight gear and as the Mirror reports, he was even joking about the possibility of making them royal baby friendly: “To be honest, I’m over the moon just to have seen the real Batmobile and Batpod. You don’t do baby seats for those cars, do you, by any chance?” Clearly on a roll, Will also joked about his brother: “Harry’s just excited to see a real-life talking owl in the Harry Potter studios. I haven’t told him yet thatHarry Potter is fictional, so please keep the secret for a little longer.”

Keeping with the day’s playful theme, Kate’s bump-hugging polka dot outfit was perfect for the occasion. Her adorable dress is from Topshop (and already sold out online, of course) and hits just above the knee—a cut she’s been wearing quite frequently during her pregnancy. Interestingly enough, it appears that Kate is no longer wearing the neutral tights she was once known for. (Either that or she’s invested in a brand that’s so sheer it looks invisible. However, we can’t think of anything more uncomfortable than wearing tights while pregnant, so bare legs it is!) The black jacket is one we’ve seen before, both on the day after the royal wedding andin Decmeber 2011. It’s by Ralph Lauren and has a bit of a peplum flare detail to it. Finally, Kate Middleton accessorized with her black suede Episode pumps, a black clutch and pearl earrings. Wingardium Leviosa!

Although the process of design may be considered 'creative', many analytical processes also take place. In fact, many industrial designers often use various design methodologies in their creative process. Some of the processes that are commonly used are user research, sketching, comparative product research, model making, prototyping and testing. These processes are best defined by the Industrial Designers and/or other team members. Industrial Designers often utilize 3D software, computer-aided industrial design and CAD programs to move from concept to production. Also Industrial Designers may build a prototype first and then use industrial CT scanning to test for interior defects and also generate a CAD model. From this the manufacturing process may be modified to make the product better.